The town of Novo Mesto lies along a scenic bend of the Krka River. Located in southeastern Slovenia, Novo Mesto is both a historical treasure and a vibrant modern hub of industry, education and technology. Known for its charming old town and scenic river vistas, Novo Mesto offers visitors a unique experience that blends the ancient with the modern. This lesser known spot in Slovenia has so much to offer. In this article, I'll explore the history of Novo Mesto, how to get there, and what you can’t miss when visiting.
A little history
Novo Mesto’s origins trace back to the Stone Age, with finds from rich archaeological sites suggesting continuous settlement in the region for thousands of years. In fact, Novo Mesto is known for one specific type of artifact found in the area. It is dubbed the "town of situlae" because over a quarter of all known situlae originate from here. Situlae are bronze or copper vessels or buckets, sometimes with very ornate decorations, used for many purposes ranging from every day tasks to funerary rituals.
Novo Mesto was officially founded in 1365 by the Habsburg Duke Rudolf IV of Austria, who named it Rudolfovo in his own honor. Over time, it adopted the more commonly used name of Novo Mesto, meaning “New Town.” The town quickly became a regional center of commerce and culture during the Middle Ages. Positioned at a crossroads between the Adriatic coast and Central Europe, Novo Mesto served as a vital trading hub. During the Renaissance, it became known for its artisans and merchants.
Novo Mesto played an important role during the Napoleonic Wars when Slovenia was part of the Illyrian Provinces under French rule. It later became part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In the 20th century, Slovenia's complex political history saw Novo Mesto integrated into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, followed by socialist Yugoslavia after World War II, and eventually modern Slovenia after its independence in 1991.
Today the city is often recognized for its distinct bourgeois architecture and Baroque elements that reflect its prosperous past. The municipality of Novo Mesto is also known as a place of industry, business and education with global businesses such as Krka, Adria Mobil and Revoz.
How to Get to Novo Mesto, Slovenia
Novo Mesto is easily accessible from major cities in Slovenia and nearby countries, making it a convenient destination for both short visits and longer stays.
By Car
Driving is one of the easiest ways to reach Novo Mesto, especially if you're coming from Slovenia’s capital, Ljubljana. The drive is approximately 70 kilometers (43 miles) and takes around 45 minutes via the A2 motorway.. If you’re driving from Croatia, Novo Mesto is just 40 kilometers (25 miles) from the border, making it about an hour drive from Zagreb, three hours from Pula and four hours from Split. Graz, Austria is about a three hour drive. Driving in Slovenia is a great option as it gives you flexibility and freedom. The roads are well maintained and easy to navigate.
By Bus
Novo Mesto is well-served by Slovenia’s bus network. Buses run regularly from Ljubljana and other major Slovenian cities. The journey from Ljubljana by bus takes about an hour. The main bus station in Novo Mesto is centrally located, making it easy to start exploring the town as soon as you arrive. Just cross the river and you will be in old town.
By Train
Novo Mesto can also be reached by train. The Novo Mesto railway station has direct trains from Ljubljana, which take about an hour and a half. Train travel in Slovenia is scenic and provides a relaxed way to see the beautiful countryside. The train station is about a 15 minute walk into old town.
What to See and Do in Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto may be small, but it boasts a wealth of attractions for history buffs, nature lovers, and art enthusiasts. Here are some must-see spots:
Old Town (Glavni trg)
At the heart of Novo Mesto is its charming Old Town, centered around the cobbled square of Glavni trg (Main Square). The square is lined with historic medieval buildings, colorful facades, and Baroque architecture. This is where the neo-renaissance town hall is located which was built in 1905. Glavni trg seems more like a wide street than a European square in the traditional sense. A stroll through this romantic old town centre reveals centuries of history, with narrow streets, arches, and picturesque historic houses. Novo Mesto's old town is small (you can walk around the whole thing in under an hour), but it is quaint and full of charm.
The Krka River
Novo Mesto is situated along the stunning Krka River, which snakes through the town and provides a beautiful backdrop for exploration. You can take a leisurely walk along the riverbank or opt for a boat tour to see the town from a different perspective. A trip on the Rudolph raft (a large, covered, wooden raft) comes with a tour guide and accordion player. The river also offers opportunities for kayaking and fishing.
St. Nicholas' Cathedral (Stolnica sv. Nikolaja)
One of the town’s most iconic landmarks is the cathedral of St Nicholas, a Gothic-style church with a stunning interior. Originally built in the 15th century, the cathedral is known for its frescoes and Renaissance artwork. The view from the church’s bell tower, which was once a defensive tower, provides a breathtaking panorama of the town and surrounding countryside.
Dolenjska Museum
For those interested in the region's archaeological and historical treasures, the Dolenjska Museum is a must-visit. The museum has three permanent exhibits as well as temporary exhibits in its main location and then it has two off-site locations - Jakac house and Kočevski rog Base 20. The museum houses artifacts from the Iron Age and Roman period. This is known as the Archaeological Exhibit and is where you will find the collection of Situlae (decorative bronze buckets from the Iron Age) for which the area is famous. The Ethnological Exhibition shows the way of life for peasants in the area during the 19th and 20th century including crafts such as milling, candle making and pottery. The Recent History Exhibition highlights the period from 1900 to 1945. The museum is closed on Mondays.
Jakac house
Jakac house is an art gallery housing the works of artist Božidar Jakac (1899–1989) who was a painter, graphic designer, photographer and teacher. The house was built in 1904 by the artist's father and originally served as a hotel.
The Kočevski rog – Base 20
This unit of the Dolenjska Museum displays the barracks, located in the woods, that served as the living quarters of the Slovenian Resistance Movement during World War 2. There are also two hospitals – Jelendol and Zgornji Hrastnik. Base 20 was one of numerous camps throughout the woods, but it and the hospitals are the only structures to have been preserved.
Church of Saint Leonard
This Franciscan monastery and church of Saint Leonard was built in the 15th century. There is also a beautiful library housing over 12,000 volumes of books and manuscripts
Kandija Bridge
This historic Kandija Bridge which crosses the Krka River, is one of the oldest bridges in Slovenia. Built in the early 1898, this iron bridge connects the old town of Novo Mesto on the left bank of the Krka river, with the historical suburb of Kandija on the right. When it was built, it replaced an old wooden bridge from the 1600s. The bridge offers beautiful views of the old town and is a perfect spot for photography, especially at sunset.
Otočec Castle
Just a short drive (15 minutes) from Novo Mesto, is the enchanting Otočec Castle, located on a small island in the middle of the Krka River. The castle dates back to the 13th century. It was originally a riverside caste. To increase security, the land was excavated around the castle, changing the flow of the river and transforming it into an island. There were two wooden bridges connecting the island to the mainland. During WWII the bridges and the castle were damaged. The castle has since been renovated and has been transformed into a luxurious hotel and restaurant, offering visitors a taste of medieval romance. The surrounding parkland is perfect for peaceful walks.
Trška Gora Hill and Vineyards
The Dolenjska region is famous for its wines. Trška Gora, a hill about 15 minutes north of Novo Mesto, is a great place to experience local wine culture. The vineyards here produce Cviček, a unique Slovenian wine that’s light, slightly sour, and low in alcohol. Wine tours are available, allowing you to sample the wines while enjoying stunning views of the countryside. Many of the traditional wine cottages, called zidanice, are available to stay the night in. The owner typically gives you the key to the wine cellar, which is full of wine barrels, so you can taste traditional wine. On top of the hill lies the Church the nativity of Mary with wonderful views over the valley.
Hiking
There are many amazing hiking options in the area. The longest trail is the 150-km-long Trdina Trail. Hiking the Trdinov Vrh Hill is one of the most popular trails. Slak’s Trail and the Cvičkova Gaz Trail take you around the wine-growing Trška Gora area. Rudoph's trail is another great option, but there are plenty more to choose from.
Bela Krajina
The nearby region of Bela Krajina offers more natural beauty and cultural heritage. Located 45 minutes south of Novo Mesto, it is known for its white birch forests, rolling hills, and traditional folk customs, Bela Krajina is a perfect day trip destination for hiking, cycling, and discovering Slovenia’s rural traditions.
Thermal springs and spas
Slovenia is renowned for its numerous thermal spas, which harness the country's natural hot springs and mineral-rich waters. The thermal waters are known for their healing properties, said to alleviate various ailments and promote overall well-being. Many of these spa resorts combine traditional treatments with modern wellness facilities, providing a holistic approach to health and rejuvenation. Visitors can enjoy a range of activities, from soaking in thermal pools to indulging in massages and beauty treatments, all while surrounded by Slovenia's stunning natural beauty.
Within an hour drive of Novo Mesto, there are a number of these spas to enjoy. Terme Čatež is considered one of the largest thermal spa complexes in Europe and offers indoor and outdoor pools, jacuzzis, tennis courts and other fitness facilities as well as water slides and a hotel. Terme Dolenjske Toplice is the oldest thermal spa in Europe dating back to Roman times. Today is houses a wellness area, health center and children's pool. Terme Olimia (voted the best wellness center in Slovenia for 8 years) and Thermana Lasko are other nearby options.
Žužemberk Castle
The ruins of Zuzemberk castle stand atop a hill overlooking the Krka river. This picturesque medieval castle is thought to have been built by Wilhelm I in the 11th century. You can wander the castle for free any time as it is always open. It is about a 25 minute drive from Novo Mesto.
The Land of Hayracks
The land of Hayracks, or Dezela Kozolcev, is an open air museum 30 minutes from Novo Mesto. Its aim is to preserve the heritage of Hayracks and other agricultural practices used in this area for centuries. There are self-guided or guided tours available, as well as workshops and demonstrations.
Events and Festivals
Novo Mesto is home to a variety of cultural events and festivals throughout the year. One of the most popular is the Novo Mesto Jazz Festival, which attracts international jazz musicians and audiences. It is called Jazzinty and takes place mid August. There’s also the annual Jurjevanje Festival, Slovenia’s oldest folklore festival, where you can see traditional Slovenian music, dance, and costumes. It also includes dancing and music troupes from other cultures as well. This 5 day festival takes place just south of Novo Mesto at the end of June.
Slovenia's Novo Mesto is a town that may not be as famous as Ljubljana or Bled, but it has a charm and history all its own. Whether you’re wandering through its medieval streets, exploring its museums, or enjoying a glass of Cviček in the vineyards, Novo Mesto offers an authentic Slovenian experience. Its combination of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and warm local hospitality makes it a hidden gem worth discovering.
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